Few researches on aging properties of self-healing composites filled with microcapsules have been made. The new composites of epoxy resin-urea-formaldehyde resin @2-methylimidazole composite microcapsules (E-51-UF@2-MI composite microcapsules)/epoxy resin self-healing composites by casting method were prepared. The effects of hydrothermal aging (deionized water at 65 ℃), chemical corrosion (40% sulfuric acid solution, 40% sodium hydroxide solution), or ultraviolet aging at 395 nm on the tensile strength, flexural strength and self-healing properties of new self-healing composites were studied. The results show that the moisture absorption ratio of the new self-healing composites reaches a stable state after being immersed in deionized water at 65 ℃ for 8 h, and the maximum moisture absorption ratio is 0.15%, indicating that the materials have good water resistance; the new self-healing composites were immersed in 40% sulfuric acid solution for 4 d, and the tensile strength and bending strength reach the minimum loss ratios of 25.7% and 21.6%, respectively; the new self-healing composites were immersed in 40% sodium hydroxide solution for 5 d, and the tensile strength and bending strength reach the minimum loss ratios, which are 22.5% and 19.8%, respectively; the new self-healing composites were irradiated with ultraviolet light for 4 d, and the tensile strength and bending strength reach the minimum loss ratios of 26.1% and 46.1%, respectively; under 40% sulfuric acid solution corrosion and 395 nm ultraviolet aging conditions, the self-healing ratios of the new self-healing composites show a downward trend, while under 40% sodium hydroxide solution corrosion condition, the self-healing ratios increase slightly at first and then decrease continuously.