不同单体配比聚甲基丙烯酰亚胺泡沫的制备与性能
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中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2572018BC06)


Properties of Polymethacrylimide Foams with Different Monomer Ratios
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    摘要:

    以甲基丙烯酸(MAA)和丙烯腈(AN)为单体,通过加热结合超声的方法引发反应,快速制备了不同单体配比的聚甲基丙烯酰亚胺(PMI)泡沫。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱、热重分析、动态力学热分析、垂直燃烧、极限氧指数(LOI)和扫描电镜对PMI泡沫结构、热性能、燃烧性能和形貌进行表征,同时对PMI泡沫的力学强度进行分析。结果表明,高温下氰基与羧基通过重排异构化反应生成酰胺键,制备的PMI泡沫具有良好的成炭性能和较高的玻璃化转变温度,LOI随AN含量的增加而提高,泡沫呈蜂窝状结构,孔径在0.1~0.3 mm之间。力学性能分析表明,PMI泡沫具有较高的力学强度,50.1 kg/m3的PMI泡沫的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和压缩强度分别为1.85 MPa、2.71 MPa和3.74 MPa。

    Abstract:

    The polymethacrylimide(PMI) foams with different monomer ratios were prepared from acrylonitrile (AN) and methacrylic acid (MAA) by ultraphonic combined with thermal initiation radical bulk copolymerization and then free heat foaming. The chemical structure, thermal properties, combustion properties, morphologies and mechanical properties of the PMI foams were investigated in details by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), vertical burning tests, limit oxygen index (LOI), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and universal testing machine. The FT-IR results show that the cyano groups and the carboxyl groups formed the cyclic imide by rearranging reaction at high temperature. The results of TGA demonstrate the residues of PMI foams are beyond 11% at 600 ℃ in nitrogen atmosphere, which indicate that the prepared PMI foams possess excellent char forming capability. The results of DMA reveal that the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the PMI foams exceed 155 ℃. The LOI values of PMI foams are gradually increased with the increase of AN content. The SEM tests indicate that the prepared PMI foams are consisted of honeycomb structure with the diameter of 0.1~0.3 mm. Meanwhile, the obtained PMI foams present superior mechanical properties, for example, the tensile, flexural and compressive strength of the PMI foam with the density of 50.1 kg/m3 are 1.85 MP, 2.71 MP and 3.74 MPa, respectively.

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张志永,李智奇,许苗军,李 斌.不同单体配比聚甲基丙烯酰亚胺泡沫的制备与性能[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2020,36(1):32-36.

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