木质素基成炭剂的制备及其在膨胀阻燃聚丙烯的应用
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常州大学材料科学与工程学院,江苏 常州 213164

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江苏省科技厅产学研联合创新资金(BY2019080);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51473024)


Preparation of Lignin-Based Char-Forming Agent and Its Application in Intumescent Flame Retardant Polypropylene
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    摘要:

    以碱木质素为模板,γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷为改性剂,一步法成功合成了含有硅元素和碳碳双键等结构的木质素基成炭剂(MLig),热失重分析(TGA)结果表明MLig具有较好的热稳定性能及成炭能力,明显优于未改性碱木质素优势。将MLig作为成炭剂,用于制备膨胀阻燃聚丙烯复合材料(MLig/IFR/PP),通过极限氧指数测定仪、垂直燃烧测定仪、热失重分析仪和电子万能试验机等分别对阻燃聚丙烯的阻燃性能、热稳定性能、力学性能等进行了研究。结果表明,当阻燃剂总添加量为30wt%,且MLig与季戊四醇质量比为1:3时,MLig/IFR/PP的极限氧指数(LOI)值可达32%,UL-94垂直燃烧过V-0级,明显优于含未改性木质素膨胀阻燃聚丙烯(Lig/IFR/PP);同时,当阻燃剂总添加量降至25wt%时,MLig/IFR/PP的阻燃性能仍优于上述含30wt%阻燃剂的Lig/IFR/PP。此外,与Lig/IFR/PP比,MLig/IFR/PP的热稳定性能和力学性能均得到了改善,其中冲击强度提升了80%以上。由此可见,所得的木质素基成炭剂在膨胀阻燃高分子材料领域具有较好的应用前景。

    Abstract:

    Lignin-based char-forming agent (MLig) containing silica elements and carbon-carbon double bonds were successfully synthesized in one step using alkali lignin as a template and γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane as a modifier. The results of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that MLig has better thermal stability and charring ability, which is significantly better than the unmodified alkali lignin advantage. MLig was used as a car-forming agent for the preparation of intumescent flame retardant polypropylene composites (MLig/IFR/PP). The flame retardancy, thermal stability and mechanical properties of flame retardant polypropylene were investigated by the limiting oxygen index analyzer, the vertical burning analyzer, thermogravimetric analyzer and electronic universal analyzer, respectively. The results showed that when the total addition of flame retardant was 30 wt% and the mass ratio of MLig to pentaerythritol was 1:3, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of MLig/IFR/PP could reach 32% and vertical burning UL-94 over V-0 rating, which was significantly better than intumescent flame retardant polypropylene with unmodified lignin (Lig/IFR/PP). Meanwhile, the flame retardancy of MLig/IFR/PP was still better than Lig/IFR/PP with 30 wt% flame retardant when the total amount of flame retardant added was reduced to 25 wt%. In addition, the thermal stability and mechanical properties of MLig/IFR/PP were improved compared with Lig/IFR/PP, in which the impact strength was improved by more than 80%. It can be seen that lignin-based car-forming agent has good application prospects in the field of intumescent flame retardant polymers.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-04-16
  • 录用日期:2022-06-20
  • 网络出版日期:2022-06-13
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