The surface active monomer dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate cetyl bromide (DMHB) was prepared. A surface active quaternary copolymer AM/DMHB/AMPS/MPEGA was further synthesized with DMHB,2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (APMS), acrylamide (AM) and methoxypolyethylene glycol acrylate (MPEGA) under the combined action of azo initiator and redox initiator. AM/DMHB/APMS/MPEGA was characterized by FT-IR and H-NMR,the successful synthesis of Quaternary polymer was proved.The synthesis conditions of AM/DMHB/AMPS/MPEGA were optimized. The properties of AM/DMHB/AMPS/MPEGA, such as temperature resistance, salt resistance, viscosity enhancement and oil displacement experiment, were tested. The results showed that the optimum synthesis conditions of AM/DMHB/AMPS/MPEGA were as follows: reaction temperature 45℃, total monomer concentration 35%, DMHB concentration 4%, AMPS concentration 0.4%, MPEGA concentration 15%. AM/DMHB/AMPS/MPEGA had better temperature resistance, salt resistance, aging resistance and enhanced recovery than HPAM with molecular weight of 14 million 200 thousand,that provided a new research direction for oil field EOR.