Low-temperature efficient molding of self-enhancement UHMWPE products was achieved by pulse vibration molding (PVM) at a temperature far lower than that of compression molding (CM). The influence rule of molding temperature on the macroscopic properties and microstructure of UHMWPE samples molded by PVM (PVM-UHMWPE) were analyzed and clarified by tensile properties, wear resistance, rheological properties, DSC, SEM, AFM and FTIR. The results show that with the structural characteristics of UHMWPE nascent phase retained by low-temperature molding of PVM, the overall crystallinity and lamellae thickness were increased, and mechanical strength and wear resistance of PVM-UHMWPE samples were enhanced. With the increase of molding temperature, diffusion degree of molecular chains at particles interface increases, and formation of fibrous crystal structure perpendicular to the interfaces at particle interfaces can effectively promote the interfaces fusion and improve the quality of consolidation for PVM-UHMWPE samples. However when the molding temperature of 180 °C, the structure characteristics of UHMWPE nascent phase can be seriously damaged, which reduces the crystallinity and lamellae thickness, and makes the mechanical strength and wear resistance of PVM-UHMWPE samples decline. Therefore, PVM-170°C-3Hz samples with molding temperature of 170 °C have the best mechanical properties and wear resistance.