With the development of biomedical engineering and medical devices, the compatibility of medical materials in contact with blood has attracted increasing attention. In order to reduce the adverse reactions due to thrombosis, researchers are committed to the development of anticoagulant coatings that can prevent blood adhesion and coagulation. This thesis introduced the research progress on anticoagulant coatings in recent years, focusing on several common coating strategies according to the anticoagulation mechanism: indirect inactivation of coagulation factor-based coatings and physical rejection of adsorption and adhesion-based coatings. By sorting out these research results, this thesis aimed to provide a theoretical basis and technical reference for the future development of anticoagulant coatings on the surface of medical materials, and to looked forward to the future development direction of this field.