Biomass wax, with its sustainability, environmental friendliness, and unique physicochemical properties, has become a research hotspot for the preparation of hydrophobic/superhydrophobic materials. This paper reviewed the mechanism and methods for the preparation of hydrophobic/superhydrophobic materials from biomass waxes, and highlighted the current research progress on the phase change recrystallization properties and low surface energy modification of biomass waxes for the preparation of hydrophobic composites. Meanwhile, this paper also systematically summarized the progress of biomass waxes in applications such as food packaging, oil-water separation and wood protection. Finally, the current problems in the preparation of hydrophobic/superhydrophobic coatings from biomass waxes were analyzed in depth, and a prospective outlook on the future development direction and trend of biomass waxes was given in the light of market demand.