Vitrimer is an emerging material with unique properties and functions, the biomass-based epoxy Vitrimer materials prepared with biomass resources not only have good mechanical properties and solvent resistance, but also have recyclable characteristics (remodeling and reprocessing, chemical recycling, self- healing), which are expected to solve the sustainable recycling of traditional epoxy thermosets. This paper reviewed the progress of biomass- based epoxy resins prepared using different biomass resources and the biomass- based epoxy Vitrimer materials constructed with different dynamic chemical bonds, and prospected the possible future research trend of biomass- based epoxy Vitrimer materials. It is of great significance for realizing the recycling and sustainable development of epoxy resin materials.