不同碳链长度半芳族聚酰胺热塑性弹性体的合成与性能
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四川大学分析测试中心


Synthesis and Properties of Semi-Aromatic Polyamide Thermoplastic Elastomers with Different Number of Methylene Units
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    摘要:

    以长链醚胺以及脂肪族不同碳链长度的二胺为原料,通过界面亲电取代反应分别合成了双氟取代的长链醚胺软段和半芳族酰胺硬段,并采用常压溶液缩聚法,将其与对苯二酚通过共聚的方式,制备了一系列新型不同硬段结构的聚酰胺弹性体。通过红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁氢谱(1H-NMR)表征了单体以及聚合物的化学结构;差示扫描量热分析(DSC)、热重分析(TGA)测试结果表明所制备的弹性体具有优异的热性能(熔点在248-300 ℃之间,热分解温度高于380 ℃);广角X射线衍射法(WAXD)研究了其聚集态与分子结构的关系,表现为相同的结晶类型;维卡软化点分析(VST)表明该系列聚合物具有较高的使用温度;并通过拉伸实验对其拉伸强度和断裂伸长率进行了表征。结果表明该类聚合物具有优良的热性能、力学性能,其最大形变可达350%,可望作为特殊弹性体材料用于高温、腐蚀性苛刻环境。

    Abstract:

    The difluoro-substituted long-chain ether amine soft segment and semi-aromatic amide hard segment were prepared via interfacial electrophilic substitution reaction. A series of novel polyamide elastomers with different hard segment structures were obtained by solution polycondensation at atmospheric pressure with above monomers and hydroquinone. The chemical structures of monomers and polymers were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR). The results of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) show that the prepared elastomers have excellent thermal properties (melting point between 248~300 ℃ and thermal decomposition temperature higher than 380℃). The relationship between aggregation and molecular structure was studied by wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), suggesting the similar crystallization behavior. Vicat softening temperature analysis (VST) show that these polymers have higher service temperature. The tensile strength and elongation at break were characterized by tensile test. The results show that this kind of polymer has excellent thermal and mechanical properties, and its maximum deformation can reach 350%. It is expected to be used as special elastomer material in high temperature and corrosive environment.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-03-28
  • 录用日期:2022-04-24
  • 网络出版日期:2022-04-21
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