Chitosan-grafted reduced graphene oxide (CS-rGO) was successfully prepared via amide reaction. Then, CS-rGO was first used as self-assembled coating for the surface modification of calcium polyphosphate(CPP) porous scaffolds. CS-rGO was characterized by FT-IR, XPS, XRD and Raman; the morphological observation indicates that CS-rGO is uniformly and stably distributed on the surface of CPP porous scaffold; the results of the mechanical experiment shows that CS-rGO can improve the compressive strength of CPP porous scaffolds; the in vitro mineralization experiment shows that CS-rGO can promote the mineralization ability of CPP porous scaffolds; the antibacterial experiment indicates that after 24 h exposure of scaffold to bacteria, about 71% of S. aureus and 66% of E. coli are inhibited in the CPP/CS-rGO/0.3 scaffold.