Using 1,4-butanediol (BDO) and water as chain extender, the ratio of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polytetrahydrofuran ether glycol (PTMG) in soft segment was changed to synthesize a series of polyurethanes (ureas) and the hydrogels were prepared. Polyurethane (urea) and different forms of hydrogel were tested by infrared spectrometer and electronic tensile machine, and the results show that with the decrease of PEG/PTMG mole ratio, the tensile strength, tensile strain and compressive modulus of the hydrogel are enhanced, and the swelling rate is reduced. In the initial swelling phase, the hydrogel diffusion index is greater than 0.5, indicating that the swelling behavior in the initial swelling stage is non-Fickian diffusion. When the n(PEG)/n(PTMG)=4/1, the tensile strength, compressive stress and compressive modulus of the swelling equilibrium hydrogel are 3.53 MPa, 37.02 MPa and 1.51 MPa, respectively, and the swelling rate is 118.98%. PEG/PTMG polyurethane hydrogels are expected to be applied to artificial cartilage tissues.