A new type of phase change microcapsules (MSPCMs) was synthesized by interfacial polymerization method, using paraffin as phase change core and polyurea as shell material. The preparation method is simple and economical, and the raw materials are readily available. The microstructure, chemical structure, crystallization performance, thermal storage performance, thermal stability, and shape stability of MSPCMs were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, optical microscopy, particle size distribution, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry, and leakage testing. The results show that the average particle size of MSPCMs ranges from 20 μm to 60 μm. They exhibit good thermal storage performance and stability, with a maximum latent enthalpy of 138.9 J/g. MSPCMs have an initial decomposition temperature exceeding 150 ℃ and exhibit excellent thermal stability. Leakage testing was conducted on MSPCMs, and no paraffin leakage occurs after heating at 80 ℃ for 1 h, indicating that MSPCMs have good shape stability during phase transition process. This study provides a simple and efficient strategy for synthesizing high latent heat shaped phase change microcapsules.